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ISL29018
FIGURE 1. I 2 C TIMING DIAGRAM
Principles of Operation
Photodiodes and ADC
The ISL29018 contains two photodiode arrays which convert light
into current. The spectral response for ambient light sensing and IR
sensing is shown in Figure 8 in the performance curves section.
After light is converted to current during the light signal process, the
current output is converted to digital by a built-in 16-bit Analog-to-
Digital Converter (ADC). An I 2 C command reads the ambient light or
IR intensity in counts.
The converter is a charge-balancing integrating type 16-bit ADC. The
chosen method for conversion is best for converting small current
signals in the presence of an AC periodic noise. A 100ms integration
time, for instance, highly rejects 50Hz and 60Hz power line noise
simultaneously. See “Integration and Conversion Time” on page 12.
The built-in ADC offers user flexibility in integration time or
conversion time. Integration time is determined by an internal
oscillator (f OSC ), and the n-bit (n = 4, 8, 12,16) counter inside the
ADC. A good balancing act of integration time and resolution
depending on the application is required for optimal results.
The ADC has I 2 C programmable range select to dynamically
accommodate various lighting conditions. For very dim
conditions, the ADC can be configured at its lowest range (Range
1) in the ambient light sensing. For very bright conditions, the
ADC can be configured at its highest range (Range 4) in the
proximity sensing.
Low-Power Operation
The ISL29018 initial operation is at the power-down mode after a
supply voltage is provided. The data registers contain the default
value of 0. When the ISL29018 receives an I 2 C command to do a
one-time measurement from an I 2 C master, it will start ADC
conversion with light or proximity sensing. It will go to the power-
7
down mode automatically after one conversion is finished and
keep the conversion data available for the master to fetch anytime
afterwards. The ISL29018 will continuously do ADC conversion
with light or proximity sensing if it receives an I 2 C command of
continuous measurement. It will continuously update the data
registers with the latest conversion data. It will go to the power-
down mode after it receives the I 2 C command of power-down.
Ambient Light, IR and Proximity Sensing
There are six operational modes in ISL29018: Programmable ALS
once with auto power-down, programmable IR sensing once with
auto power-down, programmable proximity sensing once with auto
power-down; programmable continuous ALS sensing,
programmable continuous IR sensing and programmable
continuous proximity sensing. These six modes can be
programmed in series to fulfill the application needs. The detailed
program configuration is listed in “Register Set” on page 10.
When the part is programmed for ambient light sensing, the
ambient light with wavelength within the “Ambient Light
Sensing” spectral response curve in Figure 8 is converted into
current. With ADC, the current is converted to an unsigned n-bit
(up to 16 bits) digital output.
When the part is programmed for infrared (IR) sensing, the IR
light with wavelength within the “IR or Proximity Sensing”
spectral response curve on Figure 8 is converted into current.
With ADC, the current is converted to an unsigned n-bit (up to 16
bits) digital output.
When the part is programmed for proximity sensing, the external
IR LED is turned on by the built-in IR LED driver through the IRDR
pin. The amplitude of the IR LED current and the IR LED
modulation frequency can be programmed through Command
Register II. When the IR from the LED reaches an object and gets
reflected back, the reflected IR light with wavelength within the
“IR or Proximity Sensing” spectral response curve in Figure 8 is
FN6619.4
October 8, 2012
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